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智慧土木·紧跟时代
ChatGPT的SCI写作指令：润色指令与润色效果初评
ChatGPT已经历多个版本的迭代和改进。GPT-3.5（常用的免费版本）架构引入了更大的模型规模和更多的训练数据，使得语言理解和生成的质量大幅提高。ChatGPT可在多个方面对科研人员提供帮助，其中之一就是SCI论文润色。通过输入论文的摘要、引言或者段落，科研人员可获得ChatGPT生成的回复，这些回复包括修改建议、语法纠正、表达方式优化等。本期将提供一些主流的ChatGPT润色指令，并对其润色效果进行初评。先给出省流版结论：ChatGPT润色挺好，但仍需本人校核。
1、提高句子之间逻辑性和连贯性，同时给出中文润色解释
指令：
请充分利用您卓越的语言分析能力，仔细分析每段中句子的逻辑流程和连贯性。找出可能导致流程或句子间连接不佳的区域，并提出具体建议以提高内容的整体质量、清晰度和可读性。在完成必要的改进后，请提供修订后的文本，以及针对每个修改所作的英文解释和相应的中文解释。（原文）
（1）示例1
原始句子：In summary, the above characterization indicates that the Schiff base reaction of o-PD and p-BQ under low-temperature conditions had successfully produced small-sized CDs with an average diameter of 6.30 nm.
ChatGPT润色句子：In summary, the above characterization confirms the successful production of small-sized CDs with an average diameter of 6.30 nm through the Schiff base reaction of o-PD and p-BQ under low-temperature conditions.
ChatGPT给出的润色解释：
根据润色结果人工再次修改：In summary, the above characterization indicated successful production of small-sized CDs with an average diameter of 6.30 nm through the Schiff base reaction of o-PD and p-BQ under low-temperature conditions.
人工再次修改解释：原始句子存在两种时态，根据上下文可知需要统一为过去式，但ChatGPT润色时保留了一种时态，即一般时，使得该句子上下文时态不符。
根据示例1评价该润色指令：成功简化句子、删除冗余动词；但当提供句子过短时，需自己进一步校核语法错误，故尽可能提供多个句子。
（2）示例2
原始句子：Furthermore, with an extended immersion time of 20 days, a similar trend was observed (Fig. 6d), with the C400 sample exhibiting the highest |Z|0.01 Hz value, thereby manifesting the most significant long-term protective ability. Furthermore, the maximum phase angle in Bode plots (Fig. 6b and d) increased with increasing concentrations of CDs, which suggested CDs absorption at the steel/solution interface.
ChatGPT润色句子：Furthermore, an extended immersion time of 20 days resulted in a similar trend (Fig. 6d), where the C400 sample exhibited the highest |Z|0.01 Hz value, indicating its significant long-term protective ability. Additionally, the Bode plots (Fig. 6b and d) showed an increasing maximum phase angle with higher concentrations of CDs, indicating the absorption of CDs at the steel/solution interface.
ChatGPT给出的润色解释：
根据润色结果人工再次修改：A similar tendency was observed with an extended immersion time of 20 d (Fig. 6d). In detail, the |Z|0.01 Hz values of C100, C200, C300, and C400 samples boost by 91.1%, 95.5%, 97.3%, and 98.8% respectively, compared with that of C0 group, further indicating the long-term protection of CDs against chloride corrosion. In addition, all the maximum phase angles in Bode plots (Fig. 6b and d) moved higher with the augment of CDs concentration regardless of the immersion for 2 or 20 d, demonstrating CDs adsorption at the steel/solution interface.
人工再次修改解释：原始句子提供信息不完整，导致ChatGPT无法完整表达论文意思，故补充了原始句子未提到的信息（缓蚀率数据、免受“氯离子”腐蚀）。
根据示例2评价该润色指令：ChatGPT可修改主被动用法、替换更合适连词、提升写作流畅性和逻辑性，但未给出部分修改的润色解释。需要注意的是，ChatGPT不可能给出超出原始句子以外的其他信息，故需要提供有完整信息的原始句子。也就是说，ChatGPT再强大也不能自动“机补”出原始句子未提供的信息。
（3）示例3
原始句子：As the concentration of CDs increased, the diameter of capacitive loops was enlarged, suggesting an enhanced inhibition ability.
ChatGPT润色句子：With increasing concentrations of CDs, the diameter of the capacitive loops enlarged, indicating an enhanced inhibition ability.
ChatGPT给出的润色解释：
根据润色结果人工再次修改：As the concentration of CDs increased, the diameter of capacitive loops enlarged, suggesting an enhanced inhibition ability.
人工再次修改解释：没必要替换“suggesting”为“indicating”。
根据示例3评价该润色指令：准确修改了单词的错误用法，但部分改动可有可无，需要各位读者自行甄别。
（4）示例4
原始句子：It should be noted that the hollow defect in Fig. 10b was from acid pickling, for realizing the depth of corrosion pits, thus substituting the raised corrosion product in Fig. 9b.
ChatGPT润色句子：It is important to note that the hollow defect shown in Fig. 10b resulted from acid pickling, which was done to reveal the depth of corrosion pits. This substitution replaced the raised corrosion product seen in Fig. 9b.
ChatGPT给出的润色解释：
根据润色结果人工再次修改：It should be noted that to ascertain the depth of the large corrosion pit, the corrosion products on the steel surface were treated by acid pickling.
人工再次修改解释：原始句子的重要信息是“为了明确腐蚀坑深度”，但原始句子未前置重要信息，而ChatGPT也未发现这一点，故进一步修改时明确了这一点。
根据示例4评价该润色指令：ChatGPT在原文结构基础上有一定词组替换（“be from”改为“result from”，“for realizing”改为“which was done to reveal”）；但ChatGPT有时候无法帮助我们区分主次信息，需使用者自行甄别。
（5）示例5：该指令的新用法——更好的理解文献
使用背景：遇到文献语句不易理解时，可使用该指令进行改写，改写后更通顺的、有中文解释的句子方便读者朋友们理解原文深意。请看以下示例：
原始句子：PCE is mainly adsorbed on the surface of MMT, when its concentration is <0.9 mg/mL. The galleries of MMT are completely occupied by the side chain of PCE at 10 mg/mL, as evidenced by the disappearance of peaks at 7.34°. The intercalated MMT shows the d-value of 1.50 ± 0.10 and 1.75 ± 0.10 nm, due to the different intercalation degree. The proportion of intercalated MMT increases with PCE concentration, but the enhanced temperature is unfavorable to the intercalation.
ChatGPT润色句子：When the concentration of PCE is <0.9 mg/mL, it mainly adsorbs onto the surface of MMT. At 10 mg/mL, the galleries of MMT become completely occupied by the side chain of PCE, as indicated by the disappearance of peaks at 7.34°. The intercalated MMT exhibits different d-values of 1.50 ± 0.10 and 1.75 ± 0.10 nm, reflecting varying degrees of intercalation. The proportion of intercalated MMT increases with PCE concentration, but higher temperatures hinder the intercalation process.
ChatGPT给出的润色解释：
根据示例5评价该润色指令：通过阅读ChatGPT优化逻辑后的句子，读者可以更不费力地理解原文含义。
对该指令的整体评价：ChatGPT可在原文结构基础上修改错误用词、优化连词、减少句式冗余、给出的文本可读性更强。但是，可有可无的修改、无特别标注的修改需要使用者自行甄别、对比。另外，建议各位读者在使用该命令时，给出较长的文本（包含上下文语境、使用整段落等）进行润色。
2、全面的句式优化指令（精简内容、加强过渡、纠正错误、替换词汇、添加细节、长短句转换）
指令：
As an English paper proofreader, please revise the given English writing based on the following principles: 1. Streamline content: this will help remove redundant, repetitive, or irrelevant content to make the writing more concise and compact. 2. Enhance paragraph transitions: I will provide better connecting and transitional sentences to make the relationships between paragraphs clearer and smoother. 3. Improve sentence transitions: I will ensure logical coherence and continuity between sentences by incorporating appropriate transitional words, phrases, or sentences. 4. Correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation: I will check and rectify any spelling errors, grammar mistakes, and punctuation issues to ensure accuracy and adherence to standard conventions. 5. Replace inappropriate vocabulary: I will suggest more accurate and suitable word choices to improve the expression and semantic precision of the writing. 6. Add more specific details: If necessary, I will offer suggestions to enrich the content with specific details or relevant information. 7. Enhance readability, such as converting long sentences into shorter ones: I will modify long sentences to make them easier to understand and read while maintaining conciseness. Below is the content that you need to revise: xxxxxx (润色的语句).
（1）示例1
原始句子：At present, corrosion inhibitors, anti-corrosion coatings and cathodic protection are commonly used corrosion inhibition methods. But these can only achieve passive protection. The chloride ions after penetration will destruct come full circle. It’s difficult to fundamentally reduce the concentration of chloride ions. The most effective method is consuming chloride ions by binding technology to obtain active protection.
ChatGPT润色句子：Currently, corrosion inhibitors, anti-corrosion coatings, and cathodic protection are widely utilized methods for corrosion inhibition. However, these methods only provide passive protection, and the destructive effects of chloride ions persist once they penetrate the material. It is challenging to significantly reduce the concentration of chloride ions through these approaches alone. To achieve active protection, a more effective strategy involves the utilization of binding technology to consume chloride ions.
根据示例1评价该润色指令：ChatGPT提供了语序更合理、可读性更强的句子。但是，由于原句子写作问题，部分句子（如the destructive effects of chloride ions persist once they penetrate the material）润色后仍存在问题，因而需要使用者提供无歧义的句子。
（2）示例2
原始句子：To get insight into the influence of CDs size distribution on the enhancement of chloride binding performance, XRD test, TGA/DTG curves and SEM images are executed to comprehensively analysis the phase change of cement paste before and after 14-day immersion in NaCl solution. In light of comparing the XRD patterns, new peaks at 11° belonging to Fs are founded in all paste specimens after immersion.
ChatGPT润色句子：To gain insight into the impact of CDs’ size distribution on the enhancement of chloride binding performance, several analyses were conducted, including XRD testing, TGA/DTG curves, and SEM imaging. These analyses aimed to comprehensively examine the phase change of cement paste before and after a 14-day immersion in a NaCl solution. By comparing the XRD patterns, new peaks at 11° associated with Fs were observed in all paste specimens following immersion.
根据示例2评价该润色指令：ChatGPT在14-day immersion 和NaCl solution前加了“a”，但一些已发表论文中在这两个词前面并未加“a”；ChatGPT作了一些同义词替换，需使用者自行甄别是否有必要；但ChatGPT将时态改为过去时，与作者本意不符。
对该指令的整体评价：该条指令可使ChatGPT帮助英语写作者修改语法错误、优化了语言、提高句子可读性。但仍需使用者自行判断修改的时态是否合适。另外，当提供的原始句子表述不清晰时，ChatGPT也可能无法提供清晰的表达。该指令与第1条指令使用效果无明显差别。
总结
正确使用ChatGPT润色指令，可帮助科研人员润色论文。但是，ChatGPT是一个基于统计学习的模型，其并无专业领域知识。因此，在使用ChatGPT来润色论文时，科研人员需提供尽可能完整的信息，审慎地评估ChatGPT提供的建议，并结合自己的专业知识和判断进行论文修改。更加需要注意的是，ChatGPT也可能存在一些潜在的误导或错误，仍需科研人员凭自身经验审查和验证。指令是灵活可调的，我们可根据自身需求，在既有指令上加入新的限定语句，帮助实现自己的科研目的。另外，当对润色结果不满意时，可点击Regenerate response，重新生成。
希望本期内容能够帮助改论文改到怀疑人生的硕博士和导师。
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