文章主题：美国, 教授, 学生作业, ChatGPT
在一次偶然的机会中，一位美国的教授在他的学生作业中发现了一篇论文，其质量之高甚至超出了他的预期。这位教授对这篇论文的出色程度赞不绝口，并对其作者产生了浓厚的兴趣。为了确定这篇论文的作者是否具备人类的能力，他决定将其提交给一个名为ChatGPT的人工智能工具进行检验。结果正如他所料，ChatGPT验证了他的猜测，这篇看似完美无瑕的论文实际上是由人工智能生成的。
美国北密歇根大学的宗教研究和哲学教授安东尼·奥曼 (Antony Auman) 在最近一期《商业内幕》网站上透露,他注意到有两名学生提交了一份由人工智能技术 ChatGPT 生成的论文。这一事件引起了广泛的关注,因为 ChatGPT 是一种备受争议的人工智能系统,其生成的文本在某些情况下可能存在版权和道德问题。
Antony Aumann, a religious studies and philosophy professor at Northern Michigan University, told Insider he had caught two students submitting essays written by the AI chatbot ChatGPT.在接受CGTN的采访中，奥曼教授表示，他对于某篇论文的评价远超出了他对大部分学生的期望。这篇论文的语法精准无误，结构严谨合理，观点创新独特，甚至让他觉得过于前卫，不符合他对一般学生的认知。这让他警觉起来，认为这篇论文可能存在一定的风险。
“The red flag was that the essay was written better than most of my students can write. The grammar was too perfect, the structure was too sound, and the ideas were kind of too advanced for what I would expect from my students.” Aumann said in an interview.
为确认自己的猜疑，他将自己的学生论文提交至ChatGPT，询问是否出自该系统。ChatGPT回应：“根据我们的算法，有99.9%的可能性是。”
“So, what I did was, I took that essay and submitted it to ChatGPT, and I asked it, Hey, did you write this? It replied that there was a 99.9 percent chance that it did.”
美国弗曼大学的哲学系教授达伦·希克(Darren Hick)也注意到,一名学生提交了一篇由人工智能技术生成的论文。
A few weeks after the launch of ChatGPT, Darren Hick, a philosophy professor at Furman University, said he caught a student turning in an AI-generated essay.在阅读这篇论文时，希克教授注意到其中存在一些表述精湛的错误信息，这让他产生了疑虑。经过采用ChatGPT检测器的分析，结果表明，该篇文章有99%的概率是由人工智能所生成的。这一发现让希克教授对这篇论文的真实性产生了质疑。
Hick said he grew suspicious when the student turned in an on-topic essay that included some well-written misinformation. After running it through Open AIs ChatGPT detector, the results said it was 99% likely the essay had been AI-generated.在与学生对峙之后，两位教授都证实了学生们的违规行为。结果，希克教授的学生们未能通过考试，而奥曼教授则要求他的学生重写他们的论文。这些事件表明，对于学术不端行为的零容忍政策是必要的，以便维护学术诚信和公平性。
Both Hick and Aumann said they confronted their students, all of whom eventually confessed to the infraction. Hicks student failed the class and Aumann had his students rewrite the essays from scratch.奥曼教授表示，“我希望学生们真正学到知识，而他们能做到这一点的唯一方法就是真正由自己完成作业。”
“I want the students to actually learn the material, and the only way they can do that is by actually completing the assignment,” Aumann said.据《商业内幕网》报道，两位学者指出，学生在论文中使用ChatGPT进行抄袭的情况已经出现，但他们认为，由于人工智能技术的特性，这类抄袭行为往往难以被察觉。这两位学者详细阐述了为何人工智能的抄袭行为难以被揭露，并提出了相应的解决方案。
不仅仅是大学教授在为ChatGPT等人工智能聊天机器人的崛起而困扰。据《纽约时报》报道，由于几乎所有能上网的人都能使用这些人工智能工具，美国各地的教育部门都在调整工作流程，重新设计整个课程，迫使学生提交手写论文或引入口试 （oral exams）。
Its not just Aumann struggling with the rise of AI chatbots like ChatGPT. As a result of these tools becoming accessible to pretty much anybody with an internet connection, education departments across the entire country are adjusting workflows and redesigning entire courses, according to the NYT, forcing students to submit handwritten essays or introducing oral exams.此外，纽约市和西雅图的公立学校已经完全禁止在他们自己的网络和设备上使用ChatGPT。
The New York City and Seattle public school systems have already banned ChatGPT outright on own networks and devices.
CGTN视频截图
对此，奥曼教授表示，他认为“禁令背后的情绪是合理的”。“学校希望确保学生学习和拥有批判性思维 （critical thinking），这是学习写作的一部分。”
“I think the sentiment behind the ban is reasonable,” Aumann said. “They want to make sure that their students are learning the critical thinking skills that are part of learning how to write.”然而，大学不太可能效仿。毕竟，学生绕开这些限制是非常容易的。即使是那些旨在帮助教师发现学生偷偷使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具的检测工具，也可能没有多大用处。
But universities arent likely to follow suit. After all, skirting around these restrictions is trivially easy. Even tools designed to assist teachers in catching students secretly making use of AI tools like ChatGPT will likely be of little use.“学生可以修改ChatGPT生成的几个单词，加入一些语法错误，检测工具就发现不了这是聊天机器人写的了。” 奥曼教授表示，“这些检测工具也会随着时间的推移而改进吗？会。但可能还不足以跟上人工智能聊天机器人本身的发展速度。”
“Students can change a few words from what ChatGPT produced, introduce some grammatical infelicities, and the detectors no longer think its written by a chatbot,” Aumann said. “Will these detectors also improve with time? Yes. But probably not enough to keep pace with the development of the chatbots themselves.”
CGTN视频截图
奥曼教授还认为，随着ChatGPT的发布，木已成舟 （the cat is already out of the bag），所以在课堂上与ChatGPT对抗是毫无意义的。
Besides, the cat is already out of the bag — so itd be pointless to fight ChatGPT in the classroom, the professor argued.就算学校禁止使用，“学生们一毕业就可以使用它，”他说。“此外，学生们本来就在哀叹‘现实生活’和‘学术’之间存在巨大鸿沟。因此，在我看来，忽视ChatGPT或只是试图阻止它的使用是一个巨大的错误，”教授总结道。
“Students will have access to it the second they graduate,” he said. “Plus, students already lament that there is a big gulf between real life and academia.” “So, ignoring ChatGPT or just trying to prevent its use is a big mistake, in my mind,” Aumann concluded.对奥曼教授来说，他已经决定调整自己的论文写作课程，要求学生在课堂上用正在被实时监控 （actively monitored）的电脑来写作初稿。他还计划鼓励他的哲学系学生“像对待其他哲学资源一样对待ChatGPT”，这意味着他们将被要求评估其论据和论点 （reasons and arguments）。
For his part, Aumann has decided to adjust his own essay writing course, and will require drafts to be written in the classroom on computers that are being actively monitored. Hes planning on encouraging his philosophy students to “react to ChatGPT in the same way they would any other philosophical source,” meaning that they will be asked to evaluate its reasons and arguments.综合来源：商业内幕网，CGTN America，Futurism网，纽约时报，央视网
AI时代，拥有个人微信机器人AI助手！AI时代不落人后！
免费ChatGPT问答，办公、写作、生活好得力助手！
搜索微信号AIGC666aigc999或上边扫码，即可拥有个人AI助手！
